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21st Century Skills


Who is talking about 21st century skills?
What is being said about 21st century skills?
How can we teach 21st century skills?
Grey and Academic Bibliometric Analyses
  • Who is talking about 21st century skills?
  • Who are they citing?
  • What is the quality of the work that they are citing?
  • How are citation patterns different across global management consulting firms and international organizations? 
  • What are the most influential publications?
Published:
White, L. A., Saleem, S., Dhuey, E., & Perlman, M. (2022). A critical analysis of international organizations’ and global management consulting firms’ consensus around twenty-first century skills. Review of International Political Economy, 1-26.

Saleem, S., Dhuey, E., White, L., Waese, J., & Perlman, M. (2023). Analyzing referencing patterns in grey literature produced by influential global management consulting firms and international organizations. Plos one, 18(2), e0279723.

Saleem, S., Dhuey, E., White, L., & Perlman, M. (2024). Understanding 21st century skills needed in response to Industry 4.0: Exploring scholarly insights using bibliometric analysis. Telematics and Informatics Reports, 100124.
Grey and Academic Content Analyses
  • Which skills are most frequently mentioned?
  • How much overlap is there in what academics and policy-makers are saying?
  • Which skills tend to co-occur?
  • Which skills are discipline specific?
  • Which skills should be trained universally?
Published:
Saleem, S., Dhuey, E., White, L., & Perlman, M. (2024). Understanding 21st century skills needed in response to industry 4.0: Exploring scholarly insights using bibliometric analysis. Telematics and Informatics Reports, 13, 100124.
Empirically Testing Skills 
  • Can we train 21st century skills in early childhood settings?
  • How effective are interventions for teaching creativity in early childhood education and care settings?
  • How effective are interventions for teaching STEM problem-solving in early childhood education and care settings?

Published:
Saleem, S., Burns, S., & Perlman, M. (2024). Cultivating young minds: Exploring the relationship between child socio-emotional competence, early childhood education and care quality, creativity and self-directed learning. Learning and Individual Differences, 111, 102440.

Burns, S., Saleem, S., McMullen, E., Falenchuk, O., White, L., Dhuey, E., & Perlman, M. (2025). A systematic review and meta‐analysis of approaches to teaching problem‐solving skills in early childhood education and care settings: A focus on science, technology, engineering and mathematics activities. Review of Education, 13(2), e70079.

Burns, S., Saleem, S., McMullen, E., Dhuey, E., White, L. A., & Perlman, M. (2025). Enhancing children’s creativity in Early Childhood Education and Care: A systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis of studies netween 1969 and 2019. Early Childhood Education Journal, 1-23.
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